Biodegradable polymers: an alternative future for
environmental sustainability
Exist many polymers used in the
biomedical field (see section biopolymers). Some of them permanent are used for applications such as poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)
or polyethylene (PE).
In recent years I have been introducing the biodegradable
polymers, para temporary applications. Kulkarni et al. introduced in the 60s,
the concept of bio-absorbable material. Materials These have the ability to be
compatible with the tissue and degrade some time after implantation resulting
Toxics That no child and can be eliminated by the Agency or metabolised by
this. Generally, this esta group represented by biodegradable polymers,
although there are some Ceramic Materials also resorbable What the child.
There
are some features that biodegradable materials para they can be used as
implants in the human body, for example, materials and by-products not
mutagenic Must Be, carcinogenic, antigenic, toxic and logically should be
antiseptics, sterilizable, compatible must submit tissue defrauding receiver,
Easy processing and capable of being formed in different ways among other
requirements. Today, much of A Research in the area of polymers for
biomedical applications is directed especially to the Development of Synthetic
Polymers.
Regarding the nature of these
polymers, we can say that there are two large families of synthetic polymers,
such as polylactic acid, and naturally occurring, such as collagen or dextran.
The first degradable polymers
developed and the most commonly used are those obtained from polyglycolic acid
(PGA) and polylactic acid (PLA), which found a multitude of uses in the medical
industry, starting with the biodegradable sutures were approved in 1960. Since
then numerous PGA and PLA-based devices have been developed, as well as other
materials such as polydioxanone, polytrimethylene carbonate and copolymers as
homopolymers and copolymers of poly (e-caprolactone), which have been accepted
as materials for biomedical use. In addition to these materials, are
polyanhydrides, polyorthoesters and others who are currently under
investigation.
The use of natural polymers is still an important area of
research , despite the great development occurred in recent years in the
field of biocompatible and biodegradable políemros of synthetic origin.
In the last decade the development of new biodegradable materials have been widely used because of their interesting properties in different fields, such as food packaging and the environment .Actualmente , the environment is one of the most interesting of important events fields have been carried out to solve some environmental problems such as pollution and waste.
Bibliography
http://www.tecnicaindustrial.es/tifrontal/a-3871-Polimeros-biodegradables--alternativa-futuro-sostenibilidad-medio-ambiente.aspx
